An NIH-funded research team, led by Dr. Irfan J. Lodhi of Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, identified a separate heat-production pathway in brown fat. Their results were published in Nature on September 17, 2025.
The researchers focused on cellular compartments called peroxisomes. These are involved in various aspects of metabolism, including breaking down a major fat component called fatty acids. Peroxisomes are abundant in brown fat cells, and their numbers increase with exposure to cold. The team first looked at how gene activity in brown fat changed when mice with and without UCP1 were exposed to cold.
https://www.nih.gov/news-events/nih-research-matters/new-way-cells-generate-heat
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